build: replace -pedantic with -Wpedantic when supported

To use the modern form when possible. The modern option also allows
using the `no-` prefix to disable.

Supported by: gcc 4.8+, clang 3.2+ (= appleclang 4.2+)

This also automatically changes `-clang:-pedantic` to `-Wpedantic` in
clang-cl builds.

Refs:
9877f689f2
https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-4.8.5/gcc/Warning-Options.html

Closes #20010

CMake/PickyWarnings.cmake

@@ -75,9 +75,15 @@ if(PICKY_COMPILER)
       set(_picky_enable "-W")
     endif()
 
-    list(APPEND _picky_enable
-      -Wall -pedantic
-    )
+    list(APPEND _picky_enable "-Wall")
+
+    if((CMAKE_C_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "Clang"      AND CMAKE_C_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 3.2) OR
+       (CMAKE_C_COMPILER_ID STREQUAL "AppleClang" AND CMAKE_C_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 4.2) OR
+       CMAKE_C_COMPILER_VERSION VERSION_GREATER_EQUAL 4.8)
+      list(APPEND _picky_enable "-Wpedantic")  # clang  3.2  gcc  4.8  appleclang  4.2
+    else()
+      list(APPEND _picky_enable "-pedantic")
+    endif()
 
     # ----------------------------------
     # Add new options here, if in doubt:

m4/curl-compilers.m4

@@ -796,7 +796,11 @@ AC_DEFUN([CURL_SET_COMPILER_WARNING_OPTS], [
       CLANG|APPLECLANG)
         #
         if test "$want_warnings" = "yes"; then
-          tmp_CFLAGS="$tmp_CFLAGS -pedantic"
+          if test "$compiler_num" -ge "302"; then
+            CURL_ADD_COMPILER_WARNINGS([tmp_CFLAGS], [pedantic])
+          else
+            tmp_CFLAGS="$tmp_CFLAGS -pedantic"
+          fi
           CURL_ADD_COMPILER_WARNINGS([tmp_CFLAGS], [all extra])
           CURL_ADD_COMPILER_WARNINGS([tmp_CFLAGS], [pointer-arith write-strings])
           CURL_ADD_COMPILER_WARNINGS([tmp_CFLAGS], [shadow])
@@ -974,8 +978,12 @@ AC_DEFUN([CURL_SET_COMPILER_WARNING_OPTS], [
           dnl Do not enable -pedantic when cross-compiling with a gcc older
           dnl than 3.0, to avoid warnings from third party system headers.
           if test "$cross_compiling" != "yes" ||
-            test "$compiler_num" -ge "300"; then
-            tmp_CFLAGS="$tmp_CFLAGS -pedantic"
+             test "$compiler_num" -ge "300"; then
+            if test "$compiler_num" -ge "408"; then
+              CURL_ADD_COMPILER_WARNINGS([tmp_CFLAGS], [pedantic])
+            else
+              tmp_CFLAGS="$tmp_CFLAGS -pedantic"
+            fi
           fi
           #
           dnl Set of options we believe *ALL* gcc versions support: